Lloyd's Law Reports Plus

Arbitration – Anti-suit injunction – Direct action against insurers by third-party state – Whether third-party state bound by arbitration clause – Whether anti-suit injunction could be granted against a state – State Immunity Act 1978, sections 1, 9 and 13 – European Convention on Human Rights, article 6.

Arbitration – Anti-suit injunction – Scope of arbitration clause – Optional arbitration clause – Jurisdiction – Disclosure – Senior Courts Act 1981, section 37 – CPR 6.11 and 62.5.

Arbitration – Stay of proceedings – Contribution claim – Parties to the arbitration agreement – Scope of agreement – Abuse of process – Arbitration Act 1996, section 9.

Contracts – General average – Bill of lading – Charterparty – General average bond – General average guarantee – Charterparty containing agreement that charterer pay insurance premium – Kidnap and ransom insurance – War risks insurance – Shipowner having paid ransom to pirates – Whether charterparty providing insurance code and fund – Whether bill of lading holders able to rely on charterparty insurance terms to refuse payment under general average bond – Incorporation of charterparty terms into bill of lading – Whether manipulation of incorporated terms permitted.